History

The idea of Internet was first proposed by the advanced research projects agency to test viability of packet switching networks, and was later developed by the defense advanced research projects agency.  In 1969, ARPnet had initiated an early version of NCP (Network Control Protocol).  As the usability and demand for network increased between universities, by 1973 it was clear that NCP was unable to handle the volume of traffic passing through its network.  The new functionality of TCP (Transfer Control Protocol - faster, easier to use, and less expensive) and gateway architecture was proposed in 1974 by Kahn and Cerf, and was introduced in 1977 for cross-network connections.  The protocol was to be independent of the underlying network and computer hardware as well as having universal connectivity throughout the network. This would enable any kind of platform to participate in the network.  In 1981, TCP/IPv4 was standardized, and by 1983, TCP/IP had replaced NCP within the original ARPAnet.  (IP-Internet Protocol was introduced and added to TCP in 1978, taking over the routing of messages.)  TCP/IP provides a technological bridge for small networks to connect to the Internet much more readily than before. The links branch in every direction, hugely increasing the number of people connected within a single, broad system of information and communication.  Also in 1983, UCBerkeley, a leader in the unix development released a new version 4.2BSD, followed by corrections and optimizations made in later versions of BSD 4.3 BSD in 1986 and 4.3 BSD/Tahoe in 1988. 

IPv6 History

Most of today's internet uses IPv4, however, because of its growing shortage of IPv4 addresses, the addresses will run out in about year 2008 +/- 3, according to calculations by IETF in 1994.  In order to fix the problem, IPv6 - a new set of protocol was proposed by numerous internet groups such as "CNAT", "Nimrod", etc in 1993.  Simple Internet Protocol Plus, a group consisted of merges of IPAE, SIP and PIP, was chosen from several IP candidates and adopted in 1994.  By 1995, a basic specification was established.   IPv6 working group,  started it WIDE project of the deployment of the IPv6 environment in 1995.  Even though it had several independent implementations and held inter-operability test events, it still failed to implement IPv6 stacks independently.  So, the WIDE project started KAME ( a joint effort of six companies in Japan to provide a free IPv6 and IPsec stack for BSD variants to the world) as a subproject for the purpose of combining the power of implementation. Although the members of IPv6 Working Group and KAME overlap, while IPv6 WG does technical and inovative researches mainly, KAME is in charge of implementation.